>The United Kingdom’s visa system is structured into several tiers under the Points-Based System (PBS), designed to manage immigration for work, study, and other purposes. Below is a concise description of the main visa tiers, based on current information:
– **Tier 1 (High-Value Migrants) **: This tier is for highly skilled individuals, investors, and entrepreneurs. It includes:
– **Innovator Founder Visa**: For those establishing an innovative business in the UK, requiring endorsement and a viable business plan.
– **Global Talent Visa**: For leaders or potential leaders in fields like academia, arts, or technology, requiring endorsement by a recognized body.
– **Investor Visa**: For individuals investing significant capital (previously £2 million minimum) in the UK economy.
– **Tier 2 (Skilled Workers) **: Now replaced by the **Skilled Worker Visa**, this tier is for skilled workers with a job offer from a UK employer with a sponsor license. Applicants need to meet a points requirement based on job skill level, salary (typically £26,200 or the “going rate” for the role), and English language proficiency. Includes roles in shortage occupations or those requiring specific qualifications.
– **Tier 3 (Low-Skilled Workers) **: This tier was designed for temporary low-skilled workers but has never been implemented, as the UK prioritizes skilled migration. Seasonal worker schemes (e.g., for agriculture) exist outside the PBS.
– **Tier 4 (Students)**: Now the **Student Visa**, for individuals aged 16+ studying at a UK institution with a sponsor license. Requires a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS), English proficiency, and sufficient funds for tuition and living costs. Includes a **Graduate Visa** for post-study work (2-3 years).
– **Tier 5 (Temporary Workers) **: Covers temporary roles, including:
– **Youth Mobility Scheme**: For 18-30-year-olds from specific countries (e.g., Australia, Canada) for up to 2 years of work and travel.
– **Creative, Charity, Religious, or Government-Authorized Exchange Visas**: For short-term work in specific sectors, requiring sponsorship.
Each tier has specific eligibility criteria, such as points for qualifications, funds, or sponsorship. Most work-related visas require a Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS) from a licensed employer. The system prioritizes skilled migration, with pathways to settlement for some tiers (e.g., Skilled Worker, Global Talent). For the latest details, including fees and application processes, check [gov.uk](https://www.gov.uk) or contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).
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FAQ
What is the UK Points-Based System (PBS)?
The UK Points-Based System is an immigration framework that allocates points based on criteria such as skills, qualifications, salary, and job offers. It governs most work and study visas, ensuring applicants meet specific requirements for entry or stay in the UK.
Can I switch from a Tier 4 Student Visa to a Skilled Worker Visa?
Yes, you can switch from a Tier 4 (Student) Visa to a Skilled Worker Visa if you meet the requirements, such as securing a job offer from a licensed sponsor. You must apply before your student visa expires, and the job must meet the skill and salary thresholds.
What is the Global Business Mobility Visa, and who is it for?
The Global Business Mobility Visa allows employees of overseas businesses to work temporarily in the UK for a related UK branch. It includes categories like Senior or Specialist Worker and Graduate Trainee. Applicants need a certificate of sponsorship, relevant work experience, and a minimum salary (often £45,800 for Senior or Specialist Workers).
What are the requirements for a Tier 4 (Student) Visa?
To apply for a Tier 4 (Student) Visa, you need: 1. An offer from a UK educational institution with a sponsor licence. 2. Proof of English language proficiency (usually B2 level for degree-level courses). 3. Sufficient funds to cover tuition fees and living costs (e.g., £1,334 per month for up to 9 months if studying in London). 4. A Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS) from the institution.
What is a Tier 5 (Temporary Worker) Visa?
The Tier 5 Visa is for temporary workers in specific roles, such as: *Charity Worker: For unpaid voluntary work. *Creative Worker: For artists, entertainers, or musicians. *Religious Worker: For religious duties. *Youth Mobility Scheme: For young people (18-30) from specific countries. Applicants need a certificate of sponsorship and must meet maintenance funds requirements.
How long can I stay in the UK on these visas?
*Skilled Worker Visa: Up to 5 years, renewable, with a path to settlement (Indefinite Leave to Remain) after 5 years. *Global Business Mobility: Varies by category (e.g., up to 5 years for Senior or Specialist Workers, extendable to 9 years maximum). *Tier 4 (Student): Duration of the course plus additional time (e.g., 4 months post-course for degree-level students). *Tier 5: Typically up to 12 or 24 months, depending on the category, with no path to settlement.
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